Oribatid Mite Communities in the Canopy of Montane Abies amabilis and Tsuga heterophylla Trees on Vancouver Island, British Columbia

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 464-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Winchester ◽  
Z. Lindo ◽  
V. M. Behan-Pelletier
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Abies Amabilis ◽  
Mite Communities

STUDIES IN FOREST PATHOLOGY: VII. DECAY IN WESTERN HEMLOCK AND FIR IN THE FRANKLIN RIVER AREA, BRITISH COLUMBIA

1949 ◽  
Vol 27c (6) ◽  
pp. 312-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Buckland ◽  
R. E. Foster ◽  
V. J. Nordin
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Forest Pathology ◽  
Abies Amabilis ◽  
Armillaria Mellea ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Volume Increment ◽  
Juan De Fuca

An investigation of decay in western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) and fir (mainly Abies amabilis (Loud.) Forb.) in the Juan de Fuca forest region of British Columbia has shown that the major organisms causing root and butt rots are the same in both species. These are Poria subacida (Peck) Sacc., Fomes annosus (Fr.) Cke., Armillaria mellea Vahl ex Fr., Polyporus sulphureus Bull. ex Fr., and P. circinatus Fr. Those organisms causing trunk rots of western hemlock, in decreasing order of importance, are Fomes pinicola (Sw.) Cke., F. Pini (Thore) Lloyd, Stereum abietinum Pers., Fomes Hartigii (Allesch.) Sacc. and Trav., and Hydnum sp. (H. abietis). These same organisms causing trunk rots of fir, in decreasing order of importance, are Fomes pinicola, Stereum abietinum, Hydnum sp. (H. abietis), Fomes Pini, and Fomes Hartigii. The logs of 963 western hemlock were analyzed in detail. Maximum periodic volume increment was reached between 225 and 275 years of age. Maximum periodic volume increment was reached between 275 and 325 years of age in the 719 fir that were analyzed. Scars were the most frequent avenue of entrance for infection. In 59% of the cases of infection studied the fungus had entered through wounds.

scholarly journals Multiple-pathway succession in coastal Tsuga heterophylla, Thuja plicata, and Abies amabilis forests on northeastern Vancouver Island, British Columbia

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 1145-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Weber ◽  
J.P. (Hamish) Kimmins ◽  
Benjamin Gilbert ◽  
Yueh-Hsin Lo ◽  
Juan A. Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disturbance ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Abies Amabilis ◽  
Forest Practices ◽  
Adult Trees ◽  
Disturbance Hypothesis

Sustainable forest practices are often designed to mimic natural disturbance and successional processes, yet succession is poorly understood in many ecosystems. On northeastern Vancouver Island, the “disturbance hypothesis” is a widely assumed succession model asserting that shade-tolerant western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don) and the ericaceous shrub salal (Gaultheria shallon Pursh) invade and colonize highly productive western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) – Pacific silver fir (Abies amabilis Douglas ex J. Forbes) stands (HA) on zonal sites in the absence of stand-replacing wind disturbance. This leads to the development of low-productivity, low-density, uneven-aged, open-crowned redcedar–hemlock–salal stands (CH). In conflict with this model, old, apparently stable HA stands lacking redcedar can be found on such sites as well. We sought evidence for the predicted transition to CH stands by examining stand composition, crown closure, tree size class frequency distributions, salal cover, and redcedar establishment on young HA (∼90 years old), old HA (>160 years), and CH (>160 years) stands. When adjacent to a redcedar stand, young HA stands had fewer redcedar seedlings but more redcedar adult trees than old HA stands. However, redcedar abundance did not differ between young and old HA stands at distances further than 10 m from adjacent redcedar stands. This could indicate that redcedar recruits into HA stands at stand establishment and that redcedar seedling establishment is low under the thick canopy of young HA stands. The chronosequence data also suggest that both old HA and CH stands are self-replacing stand types in these forests, contrary to the disturbance hypothesis. We develop a new, multipathway model for this ecosystem that is based on the chronosequence data and life-history traits of the focal tree species and suggest that disturbance plays a role opposite to the equilibrium model.

The structure of variation and correlations in Abies amabilis from southwestern British Columbia as assessed through a provenance test

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1796-1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Funck ◽  
Satindranath Banerjee ◽  
Jack Maze
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Internode Length ◽  
Abies Amabilis ◽  
Provenance Test ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Family Variation

Four provenances of Abies amabilis (Dougl.) Forbes from southwestern British Columbia planted in 1980 on southern Vancouver Island were compared using the following variables: leader growth in length over 3 different years, leader diameter, needle lengths on the leader and side branches, and internode length. These variables can all be related to specific developmental phenomena. The four provenances were poorly differentiated in all features, aside from internode length. The low among-provenance differentiation parallels the low among-population, half-sib, and full-sib family variation seen in other conifers. However, in spite of the low among-provenance differentiation, the provenances exhibited different correlations among the variables measured.

The phytogeography of Oxalis oregana in British Columbia

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 1561-1563
Author(s):  
R. T. Ogilvie ◽  
R. J. Hebda ◽  
Hans L. Roemer
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Native People ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Island Populations ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands ◽  
Polystichum Munitum

The occurrence of Oxalis oregana Nutt. in British Columbia is documented for five localities on the west coast of Vancouver Island and one locality in the Queen Charlotte Islands. The Oxalis populations grow in alluvial Tsuga heterophylla – Picea sitchensis – Thuja plicata – Polystichum munitum forest communities. Rhizomatous reproduction was recorded in all populations and flowering in two of the Vancouver Island populations. Three of the populations may be less than 3000 years old because they would have been inundated by higher sea levels during the middle Holocene. Possible introduction of plants by native people from the Olympic Peninsula, WA, is discussed.

The Relation of Weather to Population Trends of the Black-headed Budworm Acleris variana (Fern.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

1960 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. Silver
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Canal Area ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coastal British Columbia

The history of the black-headed budworm, Acleris variana (Fern.), in the western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) forests of coastal British Columbia is one of recurring cycles of outbreaks. The latest cycle occurred from 1952 to 1957 and was represented by three main outbreaks in the Portland Canal area from Prince Rupert to Stewart, the Queen Charlotte Islands, and on northern Vancouver Island. Previous to this, groups of West Coast outbreaks were recorded from 1940 to 1945, and from 1927 to 1931 (Prebble and Graham, 1945a).

A New Species of the Genus Cinara Curtis (Homoptera: Aphididae) from Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg

1960 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 605-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Species ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
The Body ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Made In

Aphids of the species described below were first seen by the author at Cowichan Lake, Vancouver Island, in 1956. Additional observations and collections were made in 1959 at several other locations in southern British Columbia.The species is unique in that it is apparently the only one in the genus living on western hemlock, Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.All measurements of the body and appendages are in millimetres.

Late-glacial and postglacial vegetation history at Bear Cove Bog, northeast Vancouver Island, British Columbia

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 3172-3192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Hebda
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Vegetation History ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Pteridium Aquilinum ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Blanket Bog

At 13 630 ± 310 BP (WAT-721) Port Hardy is the earliest area known to have been deglaciated at the end of the Fraser Glaciation on Vancouver Island. Pollen and macrofossil analyses of two cores from a basin–blanket bog show that about 14 000 years ago Pinus contorta, Alnus, and Pteridium aquilinum formed pioneering vegetation typical of post-ice environments on the Pacific Northwest coast. Climate is interpreted to have been relatively cool and dry. Picea sitchensis – Tsuga mertensiana forest succeeded at about 11 500 BP and persisted until about 10 000 BP. Climate was cool, moist, and maritime. Warming at about 10 000 BP permitted Tsuga heterophylla gradually to replace T. mertensiana. At 8800 BP Pseudotsuga menziesii migrated into the area and together with P. sitchensis dominated the forest. Abundant Pteridium aquilinum spores suggest forests were open. During the interval 8800 to 7000 BP the climate was warmer and drier than at present because today forests with Pseudotsuga do not extend as far north as Port Hardy. During this warm time, shallow ponds dried out. By 7000 BP Pseudotsuga declined and T. heterophylla and P. sitchensis dominated forests. Climate became wetter and cooler than in the preceding period but not as cool as today. About 3000 BP Cupressaceae, presumably both Thuja plicata and Chamaecyparis nootkatensis, shared the forest canopy with T. heterophylla. Sphagnum growth and bog development occurred after 7000 BP as climate became moister. The vegetation sequence described is a "maritime" type similar to sequences on the west coast of Washington State but unlike those from the Fraser Lowland. The xerothermic interval was of short duration between 8800 and 7000 BP but was expressed clearly in this area of moist maritime climate and therefore must have been of considerable amplitude. Vegetation differences between coastal and inland southwestern British Columbia were established by 11 500 BP.

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